COR14b is, like Arabidopsis thaliana COR15aġ994), a leaf-specific protein and transported into the stromal compartment Increased over the first 28 days of cold acclimation ( VagujfalviĮt al., 2000). The Wcor14b protein is located in the chloroplast of cells (TsvetanovĮt al., 2000) and the amount of protein present in Cheyenne winter wheat Wheat Cor/Lea genes including Wcor14, Wcs19, Wlt10Īnd Wcs120 is also ABA independent ( Houde et al., Rape, tomato, wheat and rye ( Jaglo et al., 2001 The CBF-mediated cold-response mechanism in ArabidopsisĪppears to be conserved in both dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants including The CBF transcription factors ( Crosatti et al., 2003 Įt al., 2005). Furthermore, Wcs120 and Wcor14 haveĬ-repeat Binding Factors (CBF) in their promoter regions and are activated by These transcription factors contain a DNA binding domainįound in the Ethylene-responsive Element Binding Protein/APETALA2 (EREBP/AP2)Įt al., 1998). Pathway and regulates the Cor gene expression through binding to theĬRT/DRE cis elements. This family of transcription factors called CRT-Bindingįactors (CBFs) or DRE-Binding (DREBs) proteins is involved in the ABA-independent Of cold-regulated ( Cor) genes ( Danyluk et al.,ġ994 Kane et al., 2005) that are activatedīy the CBF protein family. Have been reported ( Gilmour et al., 2000) toĪctivate cold tolerance genes. Three transcriptional activators, CBF1, CBF2 and CBF3, The CBF (C-repeat-Binding Factor) protein family ( ChinnusamyĮt al., 2003). Is activated by the low temperature signaling pathway and subsequently activates In Arabidopsis, a transcriptional factor ICE1 (Inducer of CBF Expression) The cold/freezing tolerance in wheat ( Kobayashi et al.,Ģ004). Difference of theĬor/LEA gene expression patterns is related to cultivar difference of The degree of freezing tolerance which is enhanced by cold acclimation ( Monroy Although, physiological function of these different classes ofĬOR proteins remains largely unknown, some showed a positive correlation with Genes are groups of genes which encode extremely hydrophilic and boiling-stableĬOR proteins. According to Thomashow (1994,ġ998), Cor (cold-responsive or cold-regulated) Will affect the membrane fluidity and cause the membrane to become rigid ( SangwanĮt al., 2002). External and internal calcium are used by the cellĭuring the cold response and increased availability of calcium enhances cold In signaling process ions such as calcium (Ca 2+)Īre released into the cell where they initiate the response to low temperaturesīy affecting the protein phosphorylation in cells ( SangwanĮt al., 2001). Cold acclimation requires recognition of low temperatures by cells andĪ signaling process to activate responsive genes that allow the plant to survive Lead to the induction and enhancement of expression of different sets of cor In plants is primarily regulated through the signal transduction pathways that

$semi quantitative pcr$

Is triggered by induction of a battery of Cor (cold responsive) geneĪfter exposure of plants to low but non freezing temperatures (LT) for certain One prominent adaptive mechanism to this stress is knownĪs cold hardening or acclimation ( Levitt, 1980), which Plants in temperate regions have evolved varying degrees of ability to surviveĬold/freezing stress. Geographical distribution of plants and reducing crop quality and productivity. Cold/freezing temperatures represent a significant abiotic stress limiting

Semi quantitative pcr